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- Inheritable change within a population in response to change in the environment or over time
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- Fossils
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- Compressed remains of organisms
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- They can be dated to show how organisms changed over time
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- Paleontology
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- Study of embryos
- Comparative anatomy
- 60 million years ago ancestors of horses were the size of a fox
- 30 million years ago they were the size of a German Sheppard
- 15 million years ago they were the size of a Great Dane
- 1 million years ago they evolved into the horse we know today
- Usually 1.6 metres tall
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HORSE
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- Those species better adapted to their environment produce more offspring
- Therefor the numbers with the favourable trait increase
- The population changes genetically over time
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- Charles Darwin
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- Alfred Wallace
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- Species produce large numbers of offspring (overbreeding)
- Population numbers remain constant
- Inherited variations occur within populations
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- There is a struggle for resources for organisms
- Individuals that are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive, reproduce and pass on their characteristics to the next generation
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- Production of a new species as a result of evolution
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- Group of similar organisms capable of naturally interbreeding and creating fertile offspring
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- Within a species, individuals show different characteristics
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- Characteristics are controlled by genes
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- Eye colour
- Blood group
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- Meiosis
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- A sudden change in the amount or structure of DNA
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- An agent that causes a mutation
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- X-Rays
- UV light
- Cigarrette smoke
- Radioactivity
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- A change in a single gene
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- Sickle cell anaemia
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- It is caused by a gene that produces haemoglobin incorrectly
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- Red blood cells have an incorrect shape
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- Change in amount or structure of chromosomes
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- Down syndrome
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- When an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 21
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- Non-inheritable traits
- They are learned throughout life
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- A persons accent
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- Placing objects into groups based on similar characteristics
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- Science of classifying organisms