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- Source of energy
- Make chemicals needed for metabolic reactions
- Growth and repair
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- Organisms that make there own food
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- Green plants
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- Organisms that acquire food from other organisms
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- Humans
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- Required by the body in very small amounts
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- Copper
- Zinc
- Iron
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- Chemicals made in a living organism
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- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
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Cx (H2O)y (x=y)
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- Bread
- Potatoes
- Rice
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- Energy
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- One sugar unit
- Simplest and smallest type of carb
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- Sweet
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- Yes
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- Glucose
- Fructose
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- Energy
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- 2 sugar units joined together
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- Sweet
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- Yes
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- Maltose
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- 2 glucose molecules joined together
- Sucrose
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- Glucose joined with a fructose
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- Food storage
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- Many sugar units joined together
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- Not sweet to taste
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- No, polysaccharides are insoluble
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- In plants
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- Excess glucose stored as glycogen in liver
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- Structural carbohydrate
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- Cell Wall of a plant cell
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- Glucose is broken down in respiration to release energy
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- Glucose is made in photosynthesis
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- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
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- No fixed ratio
- But very little oxygen
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- Energy
- Insulation
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- Butters
- Oils
- Margarine
- Cream
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- Triglyceride has 3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol
- Where a phospholipid has 2 fatty acids and a phosphate attached to a glycerol
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- Cell membrane
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- Structural lipid
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- Solid
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- Liquid
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- Provide energy
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- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen
- Nitrogen
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- Sulphur
- Phosphorus
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- Growth and repair
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- Eggs
- Milk
- Beans
- Meat
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- Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds
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- Contains 20 or less amino acids
‣
- Contains over 20 amino acids
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- Contains over 200 amino acids
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- Hair and nails
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- Muscle
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- Fibrous proteins
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- Globular proteins
‣
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- Haemoglobin
- Chlorophyll
‣
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- All vitamins are required in small amounts
‣
‣
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- B + C
‣
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- Needed for healthy connective tissue
- Healthy gums and teeth
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- Oranges
- Lemons
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- Scurvy
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- Bleeding gums
- Loose teeth
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- A,D,E + K
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- Absorb calcium in large intestine
- Bring calcium to blood
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- Fish Oils
- Sunlight on skin
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- Rickets
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- Children
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- Weak deformed bones that break easily
‣
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- All plant and animal minerals are needed in very small amounts
‣
‣
‣
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- Healthy bones and teeth
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- Milk
- Cheese
- Dairy products
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- Helps form haemoglobin
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- Red meat
- Green vegetables
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- Bind the cell wall together
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- Soil water
‣
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- It is a part of chlorophyll
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Soil water
‣
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- Good solvent
- Component of cytoplasm
- Good absorber of heat
- Keeps cell turgid
- Involved in chemical reactions
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- Photosynthesis